난이도 & 준비물
증상
완전히 방전된 자동차 배터리가 영구적으로 손상되었는지 어떻게 알 수 있는가?
처리 내용
핵심은 10볼트 이하로 내려가면 배터리는 죽은 것이다. 완전히 죽은 것이다. 끝이다. 더 이상 사용 불가능하다. 예전에는 그러한 배터리를 '복구'하려는 마법 같은 방법들이 있었지만, 결론은 변하지 않는다. 새 배터리가 필요하다. 만약 2볼트까지 내려간 적이 있다면, 화학적 변화가 일어나서 쉬운 회복이 불가능하다. 납판(lead plates)에 황산염(sulphation)이 형성되고, 6개의 독립된 셀(cells)이 하나의 수프처럼 섞이면서 전압 포텐셜을 만드는 질서 있는 전자 흐름을 방해한다. 산(acid)이 산성을 잃고 물에 가까워진다. 밀폐되지 않은 배터리의 경우 비중계(specific gravity)로 액체 전해질을 검사하면 확인할 수 있다(다양한 색상의 공이 있는 투명한 터키 베이스터 같은 도구나 눈금 다이얼 사용). 배터리를 충전하면 합리적인 개방 회로 전압(open circuit voltage)으로 보일 수 있지만, 이는 표면적인 충전일 뿐이며 손상되지 않은 배터리에 존재하는 SOC(State of Charge)를 나타내지 않는다. 신뢰성과 용량이 저하된다.
출처
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